Single-end Protection Scheme Based on Transient Power Waveshape for Hybrid HVDC Transmission Lines

The recent in-depth development of hybrid high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems poses looming adaptability challenges to protection. various and disparate (DC) topologies can profoundly affect the operating characteristics DC networks, which result in lack performance conventional protection schemes such topologies. This significantly limits application HVDC technologies. paper proposes a single-end scheme based on transient power waveshape for fast sensitive detection classification different types faults lines. fault their causes under conditions are analyzed detail with pre-introduced linearized model system, demonstrating that formation fluctuation local measurements is mainly determined by buffering absorption effects lumped-parameter reactors traveling-wave (TW) energy. Simulation results verify sensitivity, rapidity, reliability, anti-interference ability proposed when applied Furthermore, it confirmed adaptable symmetric voltage-sourced converter (VSC) line-commutated (LCC)